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Famicom Disk System

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</style><table class="infobox hproduct vevent"><caption class="infobox-title fn summary">Family Computer Disk System</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption">Famicom Disk System disk drive and RAM adapter attached to the Famicom console</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Video_game_accessory" title="Video game accessory">Video game console peripheral</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Generation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Third_generation_of_video_game_consoles" title="Third generation of video game consoles">Third</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release date</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

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</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Japan" title="Japan">JP</a>: February 21, 1986 (1986-02-21)</li><li><a href="Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">HK</a>: 1991<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discontinued</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Japan" title="Japan">JP</a>: 1993 (device)</li></ul></div></li><li><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Japan" title="Japan">JP</a>: September 30, 2003 (software)<a href="#cite_note-dskend-2">[2]</a></li></ul></div></li><li><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Japan" title="Japan">JP</a>: October 31, 2007 (technical support)<a href="#cite_note-endrp-3">[3]</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Units sold</th><td class="infobox-data">4.4 million</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Media</th><td class="infobox-data">112 KB Disk Card</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Memory</th><td class="infobox-data">32 KB disk cache 8 KB game RAM<a href="#cite_note-Revisiting_the_FDS-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sound</th><td class="infobox-data">1 extra channel of <a href="Table-lookup_synthesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Table-lookup synthesis">wavetable synth</a> facilitated by Ricoh 2C33</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Satellaview" title="Satellaview">Satellaview</a> <a href="64DD" title="64DD">Nintendo 64DD</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

The Family Computer Disk System,<a href="#cite_note-5">[a]</a> commonly shortened to the Famicom Disk System<a href="#cite_note-6">[b]</a>, is a <a href="Peripheral" title="Peripheral">peripheral</a> for <a href="Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a>'s <a href="Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">Family Computer</a> (Famicom) <a href="Home_video_game_console" title="Home video game console">home video game console</a>, released in Japan on February 21, 1986. The system uses proprietary <a href="Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">floppy disks</a> called "Disk Cards" for more affordable data storage and adds a high-fidelity sound channel to enhance audio in compatible Disk System games.

To support the Disk System, Nintendo installed "Disk Writer" kiosks in stores across Japan that allowed customers to bring their Disk Cards and have new games rewritten onto them for a small fee, making it a cost-effective alternative to purchasing games on traditional RAM cartridges. Nintendo also offered similar disk rewriting services by mail.

The Disk System was designed to enhance features already present in the base Famicom, offering better sound and cheaper, rewritable games. However, it came with drawbacks, including a high initial price for the device along with the storage medium's slower load times and reduced reliability. Despite these limitations, the Disk System’s rewritable storage served as an <a href="Enabling_technology" title="Enabling technology">enabling technology</a>, enabling the creation of new types of video games. This era saw the rise of expansive <a href="Open_world" title="Open world">open world</a> adventures like <a href="The_Legend_of_Zelda_(video_game)" title="The Legend of Zelda (video game)">The Legend of Zelda</a> (1986) and <a href="Metroid_(video_game)" title="Metroid (video game)">Metroid</a> (1986) enabled by progress-saving, games with a cost-effective and swift release such as the best-selling <a href="Super_Mario_Bros.%3A_The_Lost_Levels" title="Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels">Super Mario Bros. 2</a>, and nationwide leaderboards and contests via in-store Disk Fax kiosks, which are considered to be forerunners of today's online <a href="Achievement_(video_gaming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Achievement (video gaming)">achievement</a> and <a href="Digital_distribution_in_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital distribution in video games">distribution</a> systems.

While sales of the Disk System peripheral ended in 1993, after selling 4.4 million units, making it the <a href="List_of_best-selling_game_consoles" title="List of best-selling game consoles">most successful console add-on of all time</a>, support for the system continued well beyond that point. The final title for the Disk System was Janken Disk Jo, released in December 1992. Nintendo maintained Disk writing services by mail until 2003,<a href="#cite_note-dskend-2">[2]</a> and provided technical support until 2007.<a href="#cite_note-endrp-3">[3]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

By January 1985, Nintendo's <a href="Family_Computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Family Computer">Family Computer</a> was dominating the Japanese home video game market, selling over three million units within a year and a half.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-GameHist-8">[6]</a> Because of its success, the company had difficulty with keeping up demand for new stock, often getting flooded with calls from retailers asking for more systems.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Retailers also requested for cheaper games; the cost of chips and semiconductors made cartridges expensive to make, and often cost a lot of money for both stores and consumers to purchase.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Chip shortages also created supply issues.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> To satisfy these requests, Nintendo began thinking of ways to potentially lower the cost of games.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Later in July of that year, <a href="Hudson_Soft" title="Hudson Soft">Hudson Soft</a> approached and pitched them a new add-on for the Famicom that played games using their patented <a href="Bee_Card_(game_cartridge)" title="Bee Card (game cartridge)">Bee Cards</a>, which was experimented on the <a href="MSX" title="MSX">MSX</a> computer.<a href="#cite_note-GameHist-8">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[7]</a> Nintendo liked this concept, as it had the ability to store full games and overwrite existing ones. However, as the technology for it was expensive, and that they would have to pay royalties for each card sold, Nintendo instead decided to pass on Hudson Soft's proposal.<a href="#cite_note-GameHist-8">[6]</a> Continuing their research, Nintendo turned towards the home computer market for inspiration; They specifically looked to floppy disks which were quickly becoming the standard for storage media for personal computers.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Floppy disks were cheap to produce and rewritable, allowing games to be easily produced during the manufacturing process. Seeing its potential, Nintendo began work on a disk-based peripheral for the Famicom.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a>

For its proprietary diskette platform, which they dubbed the "Disk Card", Nintendo chose to base it on <a href="Mitsumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsumi">Mitsumi</a>'s <a href="History_of_the_floppy_disk#Mitsumi's_"Quick_Disk"_3-inch_floppies" title="History of the floppy disk">Quick Disk</a> media format, a cheaper alternative to floppy disks for Japanese home computers.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> The Disk Card format presented a number of advantages over cartridges, such as increased storage capacity that allowed for larger games, additional sound channels, and the ability to save player progress.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> The add-on itself was produced by <a href="Masayuki_Uemura" title="Masayuki Uemura">Masayuki Uemura</a> and <a href="Nintendo_Research_%26_Development_2" title="Nintendo Research & Development 2">Nintendo Research & Development 2</a>, the same team that designed the Famicom itself.<a href="#cite_note-10">[8]</a> Following several delays, the Famicom Disk System was released on February 21, 1986, at a retail price of ¥15000 (US$80).<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> The same day, Nintendo released <a href="The_Legend_of_Zelda_(video_game)" title="The Legend of Zelda (video game)">The Legend of Zelda</a> as a launch title, alongside disk re-releases of earlier Famicom games.<a href="#cite_note-gamespot_history-11">[9]</a> Marketing material for the Disk System featured a yellow mascot character named Diskun, or Mr. Disk. The Famicom Disk System sold over 300,000 units within three months, jumping to over 2 million by the end of the year.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Nintendo remained confident the Disk System would be a sure-fire success, and ensured that all future first-party releases would be exclusive to the peripheral.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a>

Coinciding with the Disk System's release, Nintendo installed several "Disk Writer" kiosks in various toy and electronic stores across the country.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> These kiosks allowed customers to bring in their disk games and have a new game rewritten onto them for a ¥500 fee; blank disks could also be purchased for ¥2000.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Nintendo then decided to make an early form of online gaming; In 1987, they introduced special high-score tournaments for specific Disk System games, where players could submit their scores directly to Nintendo via "Disk Fax" machines found in retail stores.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Winners would receive exclusive prizes, including Famicom-branded stationery sets and a gold-colored <a href="Punch-Out!!_(NES)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punch-Out!! (NES)">Punch-Out!!</a> cartridge.<a href="#cite_note-12">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-GameHist-8">[6]</a> <a href="Nintendo_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Nintendo of America">Nintendo of America</a> announced plans to release the Disk System for the Famicom's international counterpart, the <a href="Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">Nintendo Entertainment System</a>, and began filing patents simultaneously. However, by the time these were approved in November 1988, Nintendo cancelled their plans to release the system stateside.<a href="#cite_note-Computer_Entertainer_February_1986-13">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-GameHist-8">[6]</a>

Despite the Famicom Disk System's success and advantages over the Famicom itself, it also imposed many problems of its own. Most common was the quality of the Disk Cards; Nintendo removed the shutters on most Disk System games to reduce costs, instead placing them in a wax sleeve and clear plastic shell.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> The disks themselves are fragile, and the lack of a shutter made them collect dust and fingerprints, eventually rendering them unplayable as a result.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Piracy was also rampant, with disk copying devices and bootleg games becoming commonplace in stores and in magazine advertisements.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Third-party developers for the Disk System were also angered towards Nintendo's strict licensing terms, requiring that it receive 50% copyright ownership of any and all software released — this led to several major developers, such as <a href="Namco" title="Namco">Namco</a> and <a href="Hudson_Soft" title="Hudson Soft">Hudson Soft</a>, refusing to produce games for it.<a href="#cite_note-AHQ-14">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Game_Over-15">[13]</a> Four months after the Disk System was released, <a href="Capcom" title="Capcom">Capcom</a> released a Famicom conversion of <a href="Ghosts_'n_Goblins_(video_game)" title="Ghosts 'n Goblins (video game)">Ghosts 'n Goblins</a> on a 128k cartridge - larger than the Disk Card's 112k capacity - which, as a result, made consumers and developers less impressed with the Disk System's technological features.<a href="#cite_note-AHQ-14">[12]</a> Retailers disliked the Disk Writer kiosks for taking up too much space and for generally being unprofitable.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> The Disk System's vague error messages, long loading times, and the poor quality of the rubber drive belt that spun the disks are also cited as attributing to its downfall.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a>

By 1989, advancements in technology made cartridge games much cheaper and easier to produce, leaving the Famicom Disk System obsolete.<a href="#cite_note-NLife_FC_History-16">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Retailers were critical of Nintendo simply abandoning the Disk Writers and leaving stores with large kiosks that took up vital space, while companies began to release or move their games from the Disk System to a standard cartridge; towards the end of development, <a href="Square_(video_game_company)" title="Square (video game company)">Square</a> ported <a href="Final_Fantasy_(video_game)" title="Final Fantasy (video game)">Final Fantasy</a> over to the Famicom as a cartridge game, with its own battery backup save feature.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a> Nintendo officially discontinued the Famicom Disk System in 1990, selling around 4.4 million units total.<a href="#cite_note-Game_Over-15">[13]</a> Disk writing services were still kept in operation until September 30, 2003,<a href="#cite_note-dskend-2">[2]</a> while technical services were provided up until October 31, 2007.<a href="#cite_note-endrp-3">[3]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hardware_versions">Hardware versions</h3></div>

<a href="Sharp_Corporation" title="Sharp Corporation">Sharp</a> released the <a href="Twin_Famicom" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin Famicom">Twin Famicom</a>, a Famicom model that features a built-in Disk System.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disk_Writer_and_Disk_Fax_kiosks">Disk Writer and Disk Fax kiosks</h3></div>

Widespread copyright violation in Japan's predominantly personal-computer-based game rental market inspired corporations to petition the government to ban the rental of all video games in 1984.<a href="#cite_note-Why_You_Can't_Rent_Games_in_Japan-17">[15]</a> With games then being available only via full purchase, demand rose for a new and less expensive way to access more games. In 1986, as video gaming had increasingly expanded from computers into the video game console market, Nintendo advertised a promise to install 10,000 Famicom Disk Writer kiosks in toy and hobby stores across Japan within one year.<a href="#cite_note-Game_Over-15">[13]</a>: 75–76 These jukebox style stations allowed users to copy from a rotating stock of the latest games to their disks and keep each one for an unlimited time. To write an existing disk with a new game from the available roster was ¥500 (then about US$3.25 and 1/6 of the price of many new games).<a href="#cite_note-Revisiting_the_FDS-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Game_Over-15">[13]</a>: 75–76 Instruction sheets were given by the retailer, or available by mail order for ¥100. Some game releases, such as <a href="Kaette_Kita_Mario_Bros." class="mw-redirect" title="Kaette Kita Mario Bros.">Kaette Kita Mario Bros.</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Obscure_Mario_Bros.-18">[16]</a> were exclusive to these kiosks.<a href="#cite_note-Game_Over-15">[13]</a>: 75

In 1987, Disk Writer kiosks in select locations were also provisioned as Disk Fax systems as Nintendo's first online concept. Players could take advantage of the dynamic rewritability of blue floppy disk versions of Disk System games (such as <a href="Famicom_Grand_Prix" class="mw-redirect" title="Famicom Grand Prix">Famicom Grand Prix: F1 Race</a> and Golf Japan Course)<a href="#cite_note-Nintendo_History-19">[17]</a> in order to save their high scores at their leisure at home, and then bring the disk to a retailer's Disk Fax kiosk, which collated and transmitted the players' scores via <a href="Fax" title="Fax">fax</a> to Nintendo. Players participated in a nationwide leaderboard, with unique prizes.

The kiosk service was very popular and remained available until 2003. In subsequent console generations, Nintendo would relaunch this online national leaderboard concept with the home satellite-based <a href="Satellaview" title="Satellaview">Satellaview</a> subscription service in Japan from 1995 to 2000 for the <a href="Super_Famicom" class="mw-redirect" title="Super Famicom">Super Famicom</a>. It would relaunch the model of games downloadable to rewritable portable media from store kiosks, with the <a href="Nintendo_Power_(cartridge)" title="Nintendo Power (cartridge)">Nintendo Power</a> service in Japan which is based on rewritable flash media cartridges for the Super Famicom and <a href="Game_Boy" title="Game Boy">Game Boy</a> from 1997 to 2007.

Calling the Disk Writer "one of the coolest things Nintendo ever created", <a href="Kotaku" title="Kotaku">Kotaku</a> says modern "<a href="Digital_distribution_in_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital distribution in video games">digital distribution</a> could learn from [the Disk Writer]", and that the system's premise of game rental and achievements would still be innovative in today's retail and online stores.<a href="#cite_note-Digital_Distribution_Could_Learn-20">[18]</a> <a href="Nintendo_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Nintendo Life">Nintendo Life</a> said it "was truly ground-breaking for its time and could be considered a forerunner of more modern distribution methods [such as] <a href="Xbox_Live_Arcade" title="Xbox Live Arcade">Xbox Live Arcade</a>, <a href="PlayStation_Network" title="PlayStation Network">PlayStation Network</a>, and <a href="Steam_(service)" title="Steam (service)">Steam</a>".<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2></div>

The device is connected to the Famicom console by plugging its <a href="RAM" class="mw-redirect" title="RAM">RAM</a> Adapter cartridge into the system's cartridge port, and attaching that cartridge's cable to the disk drive. The RAM Adapter contains 32 <a href="Kilobyte" title="Kilobyte">kilobytes</a> (KB) of RAM for temporarily caching program data from disk, 8 KB of RAM for tile and <a href="Sprite_(computer_graphics)" title="Sprite (computer graphics)">sprite</a> data storage,<a href="#cite_note-Revisiting_the_FDS-4">[4]</a> and an <a href="Application-specific_integrated_circuit" title="Application-specific integrated circuit">ASIC</a> named the 2C33. The ASIC acts as a <a href="Disk_controller" title="Disk controller">disk controller</a>, plus single-cycle <a href="Table-lookup_synthesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Table-lookup synthesis">wavetable-lookup synthesizer</a> sound hardware. Finally, embedded in the 2C33 is an 8KB BIOS ROM. The Disk Cards used are double-sided, with a total capacity of 112 KB per disk. Many games span both sides of a disk and a few span multiple disks, requiring the user to switch at some point during gameplay. The Disk System is capable of running on six C-cell <a href="Battery_(electricity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battery (electricity)">batteries</a> or the supplied AC adapter. Batteries usually last five months with daily game play. The inclusion of a battery option is due to the likelihood of a standard set of AC plugs already being occupied by a Famicom and a television.

The Disk System's Disk Cards are somewhat proprietary 71 mm × 76 mm (2.8 × 3 in) 56K-per-side double-sided floppy. They are a slight modification of <a href="Mitsumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsumi">Mitsumi</a>'s <a href="History_of_the_floppy_disk#Mitsumi's_"Quick_Disk"_3-inch_floppies" title="History of the floppy disk">Quick Disk</a> 71 mm 2.8 in square disk format which is used in a handful of Japanese computers and various synthesizer keyboards, along with a few word processors. QuickDisk drives are in a few devices in Europe and North America. Mitsumi already had close relations with Nintendo, as it manufactured the Famicom and <a href="Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">NES</a> consoles, and possibly other Nintendo hardware.

Modifications to the standard Quick Disk format include the "NINTENDO" moulding along the bottom of each Disk Card. In addition to branding the disk, this acts as a rudimentary form of <a href="Copy_protection" title="Copy protection">copy protection</a> - a device inside the drive bay contains raised protrusions which fit into their recessed counterparts, ostensibly ensuring that only official disks are used.<a href="#cite_note-Nintendo's_early_DRM-21">[19]</a> If a disk without these recessed areas is inserted, the protrusions cannot raise, and the system will not allow the game to be loaded. This was combined with technical measures in the way data was stored on the disk to prevent users from physically swapping copied disk media into an official shell.<a href="#cite_note-Nintendo's_early_DRM-21">[19]</a> However, both of these measures were defeated by pirate game distributors; in particular, special disks with cutouts alongside simple devices to modify standard Quick Disks were produced to defeat the physical hardware check, enabling rampant piracy. An advertisement containing a guide for a simple modification to a Quick Disk to allow its use with a Famicom Disk System was printed in at least one magazine.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Games">Games</h2></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="List_of_Famicom_Disk_System_games" title="List of Famicom Disk System games">List of Famicom Disk System games</a></div>

There are about 194 games in the Famicom Disk System's library. Some are FDS exclusives, some are Disk Writer exclusives, and many were re-released years later on the cartridge format such as The Legend of Zelda for NES in 1987, and for Famicom in 1994. The most notable FDS originals include The Legend of Zelda, <a href="Zelda_II%3A_The_Adventure_of_Link" title="Zelda II: The Adventure of Link">Zelda II: The Adventure of Link</a>, <a href="Kid_Icarus" title="Kid Icarus">Kid Icarus</a>, <a href="Metroid_(video_game)" title="Metroid (video game)">Metroid</a>, and Akumajō Dracula (<a href="Castlevania_(1986_video_game)" title="Castlevania (1986 video game)">Castlevania</a>).

<a href="Square_(video_game_company)" title="Square (video game company)">Square</a> had a branch called <a href="Disk_Original_Group" title="Disk Original Group">Disk Original Group</a>, a software label that published Disk System games from Japanese PC software companies. The venture was largely a failure and almost pushed a pre-<a href="Final_Fantasy_(video_game)" title="Final Fantasy (video game)">Final Fantasy</a> Square into bankruptcy. Final Fantasy was to be released for the FDS, but a disagreement over Nintendo's copyright policies caused Square to change its position and release the game as a cartridge.<a href="#cite_note-NLife-7">[5]</a>

Nintendo released a disk version of <a href="Super_Mario_Bros." title="Super Mario Bros.">Super Mario Bros.</a> in addition to the cartridge version. The Western-market <a href="Super_Mario_Bros._2" title="Super Mario Bros. 2">Super Mario Bros. 2</a> originated from a disk-only game called <a href="Yume_K%C5%8Dj%C5%8D%3A_Doki_Doki_Panic" class="mw-redirect" title="Yume Kōjō: Doki Doki Panic">Yume Kōjō: Doki Doki Panic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Revisiting_the_FDS-4">[4]</a>

Nintendo utilized the cheaper and more dynamic disk medium for a Disk Writer exclusive, as an early <a href="Advergame" title="Advergame">advergame</a>. Kaettekita Mario Bros. (lit. The Return of Mario Bros.) is a remastered version of <a href="Mario_Bros." title="Mario Bros.">Mario Bros.</a> with enhanced jump controls and high score saving, plus a new slot machine minigame co-branded for the Nagatanien food company.<a href="#cite_note-Obscure_Mario_Bros.-18">[16]</a>

The final FDS game release was Janken Disk Jō in December 1992, a <a href="Rock_paper_scissors" title="Rock paper scissors">rock paper scissors</a>-themed <a href="Sokoban" title="Sokoban">sokoban</a> game featuring the Disk System mascot, Disk-kun.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div>

The Famicom Disk System briefly served as an <a href="Enabling_technology" title="Enabling technology">enabling technology</a> for the creation of a new wave of home console video games and a new type of video game experience, mostly due to tripling the size of cheap game storage compared to affordable cartridge ROMs, and by storing gamers' progress within their vast new adventures. These games include the <a href="Open_world" title="Open world">open world</a> design and enduring series launches of <a href="The_Legend_of_Zelda_(video_game)" title="The Legend of Zelda (video game)">The Legend of Zelda</a> and <a href="Metroid_(video_game)" title="Metroid (video game)">Metroid</a> (both 1986), with its launch game Zelda becoming very popular and leading to sequels which are considered some of the greatest games of all time. Almost one decade ahead of Nintendo's <a href="Satellaview" title="Satellaview">Satellaview</a> service, the FDS's writable and portable storage technology served as an enabling technology for the innovation of online leaderboards and contests via the in-store Disk Fax kiosks, which are now seen as the earliest forerunners of modern <a href="Online_game" title="Online game">online gaming</a> and <a href="Digital_distribution_in_video_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital distribution in video games">distribution</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Digital_Distribution_Could_Learn-20">[18]</a>

Within its library of 194 original games, some are FDS-exclusive and many were re-released one or two years later on cartridges for Famicom and NES, though without the FDS's additional sound channel.

<ul><li><a href="Sega_CD" title="Sega CD">Sega CD</a> - A similar peripheral for the <a href="Sega_Genesis" title="Sega Genesis">Sega Genesis</a>.</li>

<li><a href="Super_NES_CD-ROM" title="Super NES CD-ROM">Super NES CD-ROM</a></li>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <a href="Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: ファミリーコンピュータディスクシステム, <a href="Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn</a>: Famirī Konpyūta Disuku Shisutemu; abbreviated FCD, FCDS or FDS

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> Abbreviated as FDS

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

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</style><div id="Nintendo_Entertainment_System321" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Nintendo Entertainment System">Nintendo Entertainment System</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="History_of_the_Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="History of the Nintendo Entertainment System">History</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Nintendo_Entertainment_System_accessories" title="List of Nintendo Entertainment System accessories">Accessories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nintendo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Famicom_3D_System" title="Famicom 3D System">Famicom 3D System</a></li>

<li><a href="Famicom_Data_Recorder" title="Famicom Data Recorder">Famicom Data Recorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Family_Computer_Network_System" title="Family Computer Network System">Famicom Network System</a></li>

<li><a href="Family_BASIC" title="Family BASIC">Family BASIC</a></li>

<li><a href="NES_Advantage" title="NES Advantage">NES Advantage</a></li>

<li><a href="NES_Four_Score" class="mw-redirect" title="NES Four Score">NES Four Score</a></li>

<li><a href="NES_Satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="NES Satellite">NES Satellite</a></li>

<li><a href="NES_Zapper" title="NES Zapper">NES Zapper</a></li>

<li><a href="Power_Pad" title="Power Pad">Power Pad</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third-party</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aladdin_Deck_Enhancer" title="Aladdin Deck Enhancer">Aladdin Deck Enhancer</a></li>

<li><a href="Game_Genie" title="Game Genie">Game Genie</a></li>

<li><a href="Homework_First" title="Homework First">Homework First</a></li>

<li><a href="LaserScope" title="LaserScope">LaserScope</a></li>

<li><a href="Miracle_Piano_Teaching_System" title="Miracle Piano Teaching System">Miracle Piano</a></li>

<li><a href="Power_Glove" title="Power Glove">Power Glove</a></li>

<li><a href="Teleplay_Modem" title="Teleplay Modem">Teleplay Modem</a></li>

<li><a href="Turbo_Touch_360" title="Turbo Touch 360">Turbo Touch 360</a></li>

<li><a href="Turbotronic" title="Turbotronic">Turbotronic</a></li>

<li><a href="U-Force" title="U-Force">U-Force</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ricoh_2A03" title="Ricoh 2A03">Ricoh 2A03</a> microprocessor</li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_Nintendo_Entertainment_System_games" title="List of Nintendo Entertainment System games">List of NES games</a>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_best-selling_Nintendo_Entertainment_System_video_games" title="List of best-selling Nintendo Entertainment System video games">best-selling</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Famicom_Disk_System_games" title="List of Famicom Disk System games">Famicom Disk System games</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_cancelled_NES_games" title="List of cancelled NES games">Cancelled</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variations and <a href="Famiclone" title="Famiclone">hardware clones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Nintendo_Entertainment_System_models" title="Nintendo Entertainment System models">Official models</a>

<ul><li><a href="NES_Classic_Edition" title="NES Classic Edition">NES Classic Edition</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Analogue_Nt" title="Analogue Nt">Analogue Nt</a>

<ul><li><a href="Analogue_Nt_Mini" title="Analogue Nt Mini">Analogue Nt Mini</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Dendy" title="Dendy">Dendy</a></li>

<li><a href="Micro_Genius" title="Micro Genius">Micro Genius</a></li>

<li><a href="N-Joypad" title="N-Joypad">N-Joypad</a></li>

<li><a href="Pegasus_(console)" title="Pegasus (console)">Pegasus</a></li>

<li><a href="Power_Player_Super_Joy_III" title="Power Player Super Joy III">Power Player Super Joy III</a></li>

<li><a href="Terminator_2_(console)" title="Terminator 2 (console)">Terminator 2</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Atari_Games_Corp._v._Nintendo_of_America_Inc." title="Atari Games Corp. v. Nintendo of America Inc.">Atari Games Corp. v. Nintendo of America Inc.</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_VS._System" title="Nintendo VS. System">Nintendo VS. System</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_hard" title="Nintendo hard">Nintendo hard</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_Quest" title="Nintendo Quest">Nintendo Quest</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_Cereal_System" title="Nintendo Cereal System">Nintendo Cereal System</a></li>

<li><a href="NES_Remix" title="NES Remix">NES Remix</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Preceded by <a href="Color_TV-Game" title="Color TV-Game">Color TV-Game</a> • Succeeded by <a href="Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Super Nintendo Entertainment System">Super Nintendo Entertainment System</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nintendo_video_game_hardware149" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Nintendo_video_game_hardware149" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="List_of_Nintendo_products" title="List of Nintendo products">Nintendo video game hardware</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Nintendo_video_game_consoles" title="Nintendo video game consoles">Consoles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Home</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Nintendo_Entertainment_System_models" title="Nintendo Entertainment System models">models</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System" title="Super Nintendo Entertainment System">Super NES</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_64" title="Nintendo 64">Nintendo 64</a>

<ul><li><a href="IQue_Player" title="IQue Player">iQue Player</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="GameCube" title="GameCube">GameCube</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Handheld</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Game_Boy_Color" title="Game Boy Color">Game Boy Color</a></li>

<li><a href="Game_Boy_Advance" title="Game Boy Advance">Game Boy Advance</a>

<li><a href="Game_Boy_Micro" title="Game Boy Micro">Micro</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Pok%C3%A9mon_Mini" title="Pokémon Mini">Pokémon Mini</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_DS" title="Nintendo DS">Nintendo DS</a>

<li><a href="Nintendo_3DS" title="Nintendo 3DS">Nintendo 3DS</a>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Virtual_Boy" title="Virtual Boy">Virtual Boy</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_Switch" title="Nintendo Switch">Nintendo Switch</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_Switch_2" title="Nintendo Switch 2">Nintendo Switch 2</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dedicated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Color_TV-Game" title="Color TV-Game">Color TV-Game</a></li>

<li><a href="Game_%26_Watch" title="Game & Watch">Game & Watch</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_Mah-jong_Yakuman" title="Computer Mah-jong Yakuman">Computer Mah-jong Yakuman</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_Gateway_System" title="Nintendo Gateway System">Nintendo Gateway System</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_Mini_Classics" title="Nintendo Mini Classics">Mini Classics</a></li>

<li><a href="Pok%C3%A9mon_Pikachu" title="Pokémon Pikachu">Pokémon Pikachu</a></li>

<li><a href="NES_Classic_Edition" title="NES Classic Edition">NES Classic Edition</a></li>

<li><a href="Super_NES_Classic_Edition" title="Super NES Classic Edition">Super NES Classic Edition</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peripherals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="List_of_Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System_accessories" title="List of Super Nintendo Entertainment System accessories">Super NES</a></li>

<li><a href="Third-party_accessories_for_the_Wii_Remote" title="Third-party accessories for the Wii Remote">Wii Remote</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Add-ons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Famicom_Data_Recorder" title="Famicom Data Recorder">Famicom Data Recorder</a></li>

<li><a href="Famicom_3D_System" title="Famicom 3D System">Famicom 3D System</a></li>

<li><a href="Super_NES_CD-ROM" title="Super NES CD-ROM">Super NES CD-ROM</a></li>

<li><a href="Super_Game_Boy" title="Super Game Boy">Super Game Boy</a></li>

<li><a href="Rumble_Pak" title="Rumble Pak">Rumble Pak</a></li>

<li><a href="Game_Boy_Camera" title="Game Boy Camera">Game Boy Camera</a></li>

<li><a href="Game_Boy_Printer" title="Game Boy Printer">Game Boy Printer</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_e-Reader" title="Nintendo e-Reader">e-Reader</a></li>

<li><a href="Game_Boy_Player" title="Game Boy Player">Game Boy Player</a></li>

<li><a href="Wii_MotionPlus" title="Wii MotionPlus">Wii MotionPlus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Connectivity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="NES_Satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="NES Satellite">NES Satellite</a></li>

<li><a href="NES_Four_Score" class="mw-redirect" title="NES Four Score">NES Four Score</a></li>

<li><a href="Game_Link_Cable" title="Game Link Cable">Game Link Cable</a></li>

<li><a href="Transfer_Pak" title="Transfer Pak">Transfer Pak</a></li>

<li><a href="Mobile_Adapter_GB" title="Mobile Adapter GB">Mobile Adapter GB</a></li>

<li><a href="GameCube_%E2%80%93_Game_Boy_Advance_link_cable" title="GameCube – Game Boy Advance link cable">GCN – GBA Link Cable</a></li>

<li><a href="Game_Boy_Advance_Wireless_Adapter" title="Game Boy Advance Wireless Adapter">GBA Wireless Adapter</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Nintendo_controllers" title="List of Nintendo controllers">Controllers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="NES_Zapper" title="NES Zapper">NES Zapper</a></li>

<li><a href="Family_BASIC" title="Family BASIC">Family BASIC</a></li>

<li><a href="NES_Advantage" title="NES Advantage">NES Advantage</a></li>

<li><a href="Super_NES_Mouse" title="Super NES Mouse">Super NES Mouse</a></li>

<li><a href="Super_Scope" title="Super Scope">Super Scope</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_64_controller" title="Nintendo 64 controller">Nintendo 64</a></li>

<li><a href="GameCube_controller" title="GameCube controller">GameCube</a>

<ul><li><a href="WaveBird_Wireless_Controller" title="WaveBird Wireless Controller">WaveBird Wireless</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Wii_Remote" title="Wii Remote">Wii Remote</a>

<ul><li><a href="Classic_Controller" title="Classic Controller">Classic Controller</a></li>

<li><a href="Wii_Zapper" title="Wii Zapper">Wii Zapper</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Wii_Balance_Board" title="Wii Balance Board">Wii Balance Board</a></li>

<li><a href="Wii_U_GamePad" title="Wii U GamePad">Wii U GamePad</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_Switch_Pro_Controller" title="Nintendo Switch Pro Controller">Nintendo Switch Pro</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Networking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Family_Computer_Network_System" title="Family Computer Network System">Family Computer Network System</a></li>

<li><a href="Satellaview" title="Satellaview">Satellaview</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_Wi-Fi_USB_Connector" title="Nintendo Wi-Fi USB Connector">Nintendo Wi-Fi USB Connector</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Nintendo_Power_(cartridge)" title="Nintendo Power (cartridge)">Nintendo Power</a></li>

<li><a href="Wii_Speak" title="Wii Speak">Wii Speak</a></li>

<li><a href="Amiibo" title="Amiibo">Amiibo</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arcade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Nintendo_VS._System" title="Nintendo VS. System">VS. System</a></li>

<li><a href="PlayChoice-10" class="mw-redirect" title="PlayChoice-10">PlayChoice-10</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Integrated circuits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="List_of_Super_NES_enhancement_chips" title="List of Super NES enhancement chips">Super NES enhancement chips</a>

<ul><li><a href="Super_FX" title="Super FX">Super FX</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="GameCube_technical_specifications" title="GameCube technical specifications">GameCube technical specifications</a>

<ul><li><a href="Gekko_(processor)" title="Gekko (processor)">Gekko</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Broadway_(processor)" title="Broadway (processor)">Broadway</a></li>

<li><a href="Hollywood_(graphics_chip)" title="Hollywood (graphics chip)">Hollywood</a></li>

<li><a href="Espresso_(processor)" title="Espresso (processor)">Espresso</a></li>

<li><a href="Tegra_X1" class="mw-redirect" title="Tegra X1">Tegra X1</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System_Game_Pak" title="Super Nintendo Entertainment System Game Pak">Super NES</a></li>

<li><a href="Game_Boy_Advance_Video" title="Game Boy Advance Video">Game Boy Advance Video</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_optical_discs" title="Nintendo optical discs">Nintendo optical discs</a></li>

<li><a href="Nintendo_Game_Card" title="Nintendo Game Card">Nintendo Game Card</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-31" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Famicom_Disk_System&oldid=1303570205">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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